FreeMarker template error: The following has evaluated to null or missing: ==> title [in template "WEB-INF/t***/content/jyxx.html" at line 9, column 32] Tip: If the failing expression is known to be legally null/missing, either specify a default value with myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use [#if myOptionalVar]when-present[#else]when-missing[/#if]. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthessis: (myOptionVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionVar.foo) The failing instruction (FTL stack trace): ---------- ==> ${title} [in template "WEB-INF/t***/content/jyxx.html" at line 9, column 30] ---------- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---------- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:98) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToString(EvalUtil.java:382) at freemarker.core.Expression.evalAndCoerceToString(Expression.java:115) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:243) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:277) at com.jeecms.common.w***iew.renderMergedTemplateModel(SimpleFreeMarkerView.java:114) at org.sp***.Abst***utputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167) at org.sp***.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:263) at org.sp***atcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1208) at org.sp***at***ult(DispatcherServlet.java:992) at org.sp***atcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:939) at org.sp***atcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856) at org.sp***eworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:936) at org.sp***eworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:827) at javax.servlet.http***rvice(HttpServlet.java:621) at org.sp***eworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:812) at javax.servlet.http***rvice(HttpServlet.java:728) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.ap***sFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at com.jeecms.common.web.XssFilter.doFilter(XssFilter.java:46) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.ap***tShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449) at org.ap***tShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365) at org.ap***jectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90) at org.ap***jectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83) at org.ap***egatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383) at org.ap***tShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362) at org.ap***RequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125) at org.sp***atingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:343) at org.sp***atingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:260) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at com.jeecms.common.web.InterviewFilter.doFilter(InterviewFilter.java:65) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.sp***up***oFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:230) at org.sp***erRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.sp***ct***nal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88) at org.sp***erRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at com.jeecms.common.web.ProcessTimeFilter.doFilter(ProcessTimeFilter.java:35) at org.ap***FilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.ap***FilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.ap***pperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219) at org.ap***textValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:110) at org.ap***thenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:492) at org.ap***tValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:165) at org.ap***rtValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104) at org.ap***Valve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:1025) at org.ap***ineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116) at org.ap***Adapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:451) at org.ap***p11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1201) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:654) at org.ap***nt$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:317) at java.ut***or.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.ut***or$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at org.ap***hread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)